Bariatric surgery is an increasingly popular set of surgical procedures targeted on weight loss/management. It is often for people having a body mass index of 35 or more. In India, bariatric surgery is advanced, well established and exceptional.
India has many super specialty hospitals when it comes to bariatric procedures options and it is among the world’s leading hospital groups in the globe. These procedures can be generally explained under some sub-headings. In India; a lot of bariatric surgeries are available, they are equally at your financial reach too. These options include but not limited to:
Laparoscopic gastric banding surgery - This surgery aims to help with weight loss when dieting and physical activity fails. The laparoscopic surgeon places a band around the upper portion of your stomach; this creates a small pouch and this pouch holds food. The band restricts the amount of food you eat. It accomplishes this because it makes you feel full after eating small amounts of food. It decreases food intake via the reduction in the size of your stomach.
This technique results in significant weight loss and this is important in morbidly obese individuals.
Laparoscopic gastric bypass - This procedure is regarded as the ‘’gold standard’’ for weight loss surgery by the American society for metabolic/ bariatric surgery.
It exacts its action by restricting food intake and food absorption. Laparoscopic gastric bypass reduces the number of calories and nutrients one absorbs. This mechanism is called malabsorption hence any part of the intestine can be increased in order to cause some degree of malabsorption. This procedure has a very good prognosis and within a year after surgery, 77% of excess body weight is eliminated.
Gastric bypass including stapling - This procedure is typically known as a restrictive procedure. The size of the stomach is reduced dramatically and this is often used in morbidly obese patients.
As a weight control method, gastric bypass stapling carries its own amazing pros and cons. With this method, people can lose 75% of their excess weight. No part of the stomach is removed and the digestive process remains intact.
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy- Here, 75% of the stomach is removed leaving a narrow gastric sleeve or tube. No intestines are removed and the surgical procedure can take up to two hours on average.
The outer margin of the stomach that is removed restricts food intake leaving a sleeve of the stomach that has the same shape and size of a banana.
Sleeve gastrectomy is a purely restrictive procedure. - Sleeve gastrectomy including stapling This method involves resection of about 80% of the stomach. The restriction includes fundus and the majority of the body.
With this surgical method, stomach volume is reduced and this leads to decreased consumption and intake. It a more common bariatric procedure and it’s among the most commonly performed bariatric surgery.
Roux-en-y Surgery- Roux-en-y is an end-to-side surgical anastomosis of the bowel. It is typically used to reconstruct the gastrointestinal tract. The surgery is between the stomach and small bowel that is distal from the cut end.
It is a more complex surgery and can be employed for various reasons; these reasons range from obesity, multiple surgery failures, cancer, gut infection, and gut inflammation.
Intra-gastric ballooning/gastric ballooning (non-surgical procedure) Is a newer kind of weight-loss procedure. It is a non-invasive procedure and here, a saline-filled silicone balloon is placed in the stomach.
This mechanism helps the patient to eat less, makes you feel fuller and ultimately leads to a healthy weight-loss.
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